In this paper we define and study self-similar ranked
fragmentations. We first show that any ranked fragmentation is the
image of some partition-valued fragmentation, and that there is in
fact a one-to-one correspondence between the laws of these two
types of fragmentations. We then give an explicit construction of
homogeneous ranked fragmentations in terms of Poisson point
processes. Finally we use this construction and classical results
on records of Poisson point processes to study the small-time
behavior of a ranked fragmentation.